DEFINITION, HISTORY,
FUNCTION, SORTS AND DAMAGE OF MOTHERBOARD
Compiled to
complete the final task of English course
Compiler : Helen
Pratiwi (11211241)
Jaharudin
(11211246)
Luluk
Ratna Sari (11211248)
Department : Teknik
Informatika (A7)
Semester : 2nd
UNIVERSITAS
SERANG RAYA
Jl. KH. Amin Jasuta No. 15C Serang Banten 42115
Telp. (0254) 208266, 221101, 208208
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
v GENERAL
In
the use of computers there
are 3 components
involved in intense, that are hardware (hardware), software (software), and brainware (human). There
are no computer systems and computing
activities that
do not involve all
three components.
One is the hardware that consists of several components. This one is very vital component to the computer. Processors, graphics cards, harddisk and other devices on the computer will not work without it, the name is motherboard.
v PURPOSE
Our purpose in
discussing this matter is to find components that
are part of a specific motherboard to the laymen.
v OBJECTIVES OF THIS WRITE
ü To
explain the definition of motherboard
ü To
explain history of motherboard
ü To
explain components of motherboard
ü To
explain the function of motherboard
ü To
explain the damage of motherboard
CHAPTER II
A. DEFINITION OF MOTHERBOARD
The
motherboard is
the central printed circuit board, called Motherboard because this
component is
a major component of
the series of CPUs, so the motherboard can
be interpreted in
the Indonesian language is
the Parent Board or
the main board.
As
the name implies, the
motherboard or mainboard is often also
referred to the
circuit board where all
the other components are
connected. The
motherboard is the control center that regulates the work of all the components
installed. Regulate the provision of electrical power on any PC component. There were many small pieces slot to plug in RAM(Random Access Memory) and the adapter. There plugged processors.
The
motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board,
planar board or, on Apple
computers, the logic board.
It is also sometimes casually shortened to mobo.
As
the time gone, the
motherboard has a
variety of
development accompanied by development of its components. Where
development will
be very influence the mechanism of other devices.
B.
HISTORY
OF MOTHERBOARD
Prior
to the advent of the microprocessor,
a computer was usually built in a card-cage case or mainframe with components
connected by a backplane consisting of a set of slots themselves
connected with wires; in very old designs the wires were discrete connections
between card connector pins, but printed circuit boards soon became the
standard practice.
The
Central Processing Unit, memory and peripherals
were housed on individual printed circuit boards which plugged into the
backplate. During the late 1980s and 1990s, it became economical to move an
increasing number of peripheral functions onto the motherboard. In the late
1980s, motherboards began to include single ICs (called Super I/O
chips) capable of supporting a set of low-speed peripherals: keyboard, mouse, floppy disk drive,
serial ports,
and parallel ports. As of the late 1990s, many personal computer motherboards
supported a full range of audio, video, storage, and networking functions
without the need for any expansion cards
at all; higher-end systems for 3D gaming and computer graphics
typically retained only the graphics card as a separate component.
The most popular computers such
as the
Apple II
and
IBM PC
had published schematic diagrams and other documentation which permitted rapid
reverse-engineering and third-party replacement
motherboards. Usually intended for building new computers compatible with the
exemplars, many motherboards offered additional performance or other features
and were used to upgrade the manufacturer's original equipment.
Motherboard distinguished on the form and layout of the circuit is commonly called the form factor. From its shape, the motherboard are
usually divided
into two, namely the model of desktop (monitorplaced on the CPU) and the model tower (monitor placed next to theCPU).
While based on the form factors are used, the motherboarddistinguished on two big groups: ATX (Advanced Technology -introduced
by IBM in 1984) and non ATX.
C.
COMPONENTS OF MOTHERBOARD
Modern motherboards include :
·
Microprocessor
or processor is a chip that serves
as the brains of a PC.
·
Power
Connector is a pin which connect the motherboard with power supply in
casing of a computer
·
Southbridge
Under the southbridge chipset
heatsink that there are functions to perform input and output regulation of
several components such as hard drives, optical drives, USB ports, and PCI
Express expansion slots. Along with the many demands of the process to be done,
so now it comes with the chipset heatsink to be more stable.
·
Northbridge
Located under the Chipset heatsink
fan is equipped with working with the southbridge chipset to make arrangements
for a video card, processor, and memory. At this chipset has several new
features that can deliver high speed ports for LAN connections and added extra
PCI Express.
·
Soket and slot of processor to plug your processor
·
Floppy and IDE connector to connect the
motherboard with storage devices
·
AGP 4X slot for graphic card
·
Standby Power LED as reminder
for turn off the system power before turn on or turn off the machine.
·
PCI slots
·
PS/2 Mouse Port
·
Port Paralel dan Serial
·
RJ-45 Port
·
Line in jack and out jack for audio
·
Microphone jack
·
USB 2.0 port 1 dan port 2
·
USB 2.0 port 3 dan port 4
·
Video Graphics Adapter Port (VGA)
·
Keyboard connector
·
Printer slot
·
BIOS
When you first turn on the PC, the
motherboard will boot and run code that contains the Basic Input Ouput System
(BIOS), BIOS will run some tests to prepare for all the hardware and then run
the operating system. BIOS itself is stored in Flash RAM with a capacity of
about 2-4 MB, and chanced upon this example has two motherboard BIOS.
·
Batere CMOS as stopgap of power suply.
·
Expansion slots
Some of the latest motherboards are
now equipped with a mix of PCI and PCI Express expansion slot. As for the PCI
Express there are usually two types, namely PCI Express 16x that serves to
replace the AGP and PCI Express 1x slot is the smallest size and will be used
as a substitute for the existing PCI slot for modem support and some other
input device.
·
Additional Components
Some motherboard manufacturers
usually equip chipset motherboard with some optional, like the Silicon Image
SATA RAID, FireWire Controller Texas Instruments, and two Broadcom Gigabit LAN
controller. Some chipsets can be used to support the connectivity that requires
a higher transfer rate.
D.
FUNCTION
OF MOTHERBOARD
The
motherboard or mainboard is the board / main board where the main components
such as microprocessors and memory (RAM, ROM, BIOS) chip along with other
controllers. There is also SLOT Expansion is the place to put the cards
additional functions to improve the facilities and capabilities required.
Microprocessor mounted on the socket / slot corresponding to the shape and size
of the microprocessor, such as socket 370, 470, LGA 775, socket A 462 (AMD),
the socket slot I (Pentium 2 and 3). On the motherboard, microprocessor
communicates with other components via a bus or data path. This bus has evolved
from the bus 66, 100, 133, 200, 266, 333, 400, 500, 800 MHz. This development
was to compensate for the microprocessor work faster. Expansion slot also
experiencing growth. Usually table of diagram has been included on the motherboard when you buy a CPU / Mainboard .Processor or
CPU (central processing unit) has the function to read and interpret
instructions, does execution, and storing the results in memory. CPU data bus
that is used has a 16.32 or 64 bit.
E. SORT OF MOTHERBOARD
Various
sorts of Motherboard :
a.
AMD Motherboard
b.
VIA Motherboard
c.
ATX Motherboard
d.
INTEL Motherboard
e.
ASUS Motherboard
F. MOTHERBARD DAMAGE
If
the PC is often times show an attorney-alamatan complicated, or displaying an
error message, emits a continuous beep uniformly or irregularly, the PC is
probably in trouble,
This
type of damage can be categorized into two categories :
a)
Damage to Hardware:
Problems
with hardware components need to be serious because of the difficulty of
handling localized and removed without the proper tools, skills and experiences
that support. Explanation will revolve around the problems that often occur
along with how to cope.
b)
Damage to the Mother Board
Symptoms:
Once
turned on, no display on the monitor, the indicator light (LED) on the front
panel is lit, the indicator light (LED) flashing monitors, power supply fan and
processor fan spins, no beep sound at the speaker.
Solution:
The
first step, loose all power cables which connected to the electrical, data
cable to the monitor, keyboard cable / mouse, and all the cables which connected
to the CPU, then cashing out all the screw covers. In an open case please also
remove other components, ie the voltage of power supply cables are connected to
the motherboard, hard drive, floppy, be careful not to rush the process. So is
the card attached to the Motherboard (VGA, Sound Card or other). Now attached
to the motherboard just cashing it. Please check carefully the motherboard, see
Chip (IC), Elko, transistor and others if there is a fire.
If
there are no signs of burnt components likely motherboard is still good, but
sometimes when motherboard does not work because of program damage which contained in the BIOS,
CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION
Based on the materials we have
discussed, we draw the following conclusion:
The motherboard is one component of the series
of computer,components
are called Motherborad because this component is a
major component of the series of CPUs, so the motherboard can
be interpreted in the Indonesian language is
the Parent Board or the
main board which has slots for other
components, so that the components are connected to each
other and work together well.
REFERENSES
Ø Motherboard.pdf by Muhamad Nursalman
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